Improvement in turbine water-wheels



tlnitrd gnam sind @titille Leafs Patent No. 90,251, daad May 18,1869. i

IMPROVEMENT IN TURBINE WATER-WHEELS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making pari: of thesame.

-To all whom it ma/y concern Be it known that we, NORMAN T. FRARY andEzRA T. SHERWIN, both of Adrian, in the county of Lenawee, and State ofMichigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in TurbineWater-Wheels; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of thesame, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use ourinvention, reference being had to the annexed drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, making a part of thisspecification.

The nature ofour invention consists in an improved construction andarrangement of the parts ofa turbine water-wheel, whereby both thedirect action and reaction of the water upon the wheel are combined andapplied in the most economical and practical mode.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our improvedwater-wheel, we will now proceed to describe its construction andoperation.

In the drawings- Figure l represents a side elevation of one of ourimproved water-wheels in working-position, and also a sectional view ofthe sides and door of the fiume, to which the stationary portion orchamber A A is fastened.

Figure 2 represents a side elevation of the chamber A A, raised abovethe wheel B, to reveal more clearly the mechanical construction of thebuckets of the wheel.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section in the plane indicated by the line X Y,fig. l.

Figure 4 is a vertical section in the broken plane indicated by the lineX' Y', fig. 3.

Figure 5`is a sectional perspective view of a detached portion ofthewheel, showing the shape ofthe buckets.

A A represent the chamber, which is open on the under side, to receivethe buckets of the wheel, and is placed upon the iioor ofthe flume L L',overaround opening sutliciently large to admit the wheel.-

This chamber is supplied with an annular series of horizontal chutes, MN 0 P Q 'lt S, for the passage of the water from the iiume to theopening in the interior of the chamber, and against the buckets ofthewheel.

B represents the water-wl1eel,and it consists ofthe bucket-rim C, acircumferential series of buckets, m n o p q lr s, a circumferentialseries of issues, m' n o p q o" s', and a conical cap, K, which forms acover for the issues, and into which the recesses forming the issuesextend.

. T is the vertical shaft, and is permanently fixed in the wheel B,which revolves partly within and'partly below thel recess of the chamberA A.

The outer extremities ofthe buckets 'm n o are iutended to just clearthe inner extremities of the sides c fl e of the chutes Q, R, so as toprevent friction, and at the same time wastage of water. The wheel B iskept up in the recess of the chamber A A by means of a step, b, iig. 4:,placed under the lower end of the vertical shaft.

The conical ring K, covering the issues of the wheel,

has on its under'or base side, slight excavations made in it, which,helpto form the covering or roof to the issues, while a portion of the wheelextending outward under the conical ring K, forms the. main opening andiioor of the issues.

The wheel is to be located at the bottom ofthe fiume, the stationarypart A Ato be bolted rmly to the floor of the fiume, as shown at iig. l,the recess in the chamber falling directly over the opening in theflume, so that when the wheel is raised up-into its proper place in thechamber, it will not interfere with the door.

Although the issues m u o p', are described as being formed partly inthe conical ring K, and partly in that portion of the wheel whichprojects under it, yet it is intended, if desirable, to form theseissues wholly in the one, or wholly in the other, as may be deemed mostadvantageous. v

This improved wheel of ours is designed to run as well when partlysubmerged as when wholly above the water, the reason being that there isno backwater hindrance to the buckets or to the issues.

It is designed to have a separate gateat the mouth of each one of thechutes .M N O, so as to 'let the water on to the wheel through a single"chute, or through any number oi' them at once.

The buckets an n o p are to be made perpendicu lar to the shaft Twhilethe issues m c' o are to take the water from the bottom of the buckets,and convey it downward and outward from the centre of the wheel, ou anangle of about forty-tive degrees, upon a curved and inclined plane, anddischarge it at the outlet of the issues, the novelty and utility ofthewheel consisting, chiefly, in the direction which the water is thusforced to take by, iirst, its direct action against the buckets m 'a op, and second, its reaction in passing through the issues m a o',throwing od' neither horizontally, nor falling perpendicularly, but halfway between the two, that is, on an angle of about forty-tive degrees,as before stated.

The water has a direct and forcible bearing against the floor andforward wall of each issue at the same time, which, in connection withits direct action against -the buckets, and its reaction in leaving theissues, con-- buckets mn o p, and forcing the wheel into rotation,discharging out through the issues m' n o'.

Having thus described our invention,

What We claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The within-described direct and reaction turbine water-wheel, consistingof the chamber A A, provided with the chutes M N O, (including theannular sel ries,) and the wheel B, revolving on a vertical axis,

and provided with the perpendicular buckets mn o,

(including the`annularv series and oblique issues m n' o', (includingthe annular series,) the whole constructed and arranged to operatesubstantially as set forth and described.

f NORMANr T. FRARY.

EZRA T. SHERWIN.

Witnesses:

N. B. FAssETT, L. R. WALLAGE.

